What accounts are included in refueling: a detailed analysis of corporate financial processing
In daily business operations, vehicle refueling costs are a common expense. How to correctly calculate refueling costs is related to the accuracy of corporate finance and tax compliance. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide a detailed analysis of the accounting account attribution and tax treatment of refueling expenses.
1. Accounting account ownership of refueling expenses
According to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and tax laws, refueling costs are usually included in the following accounts:
| Fee type | Accounting account | Applicable scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| Management department vehicles | Administrative expenses - vehicle expenses | Official vehicles for company executives or administrative departments |
| Sales department cars | Selling expenses - shipping charges | Sales team visiting customer using vehicle |
| Production of transportation vehicles | Manufacturing overhead-transportation fee | Raw material transportation vehicles in the production process |
| Vehicles for engineering projects | Construction in progress - other direct costs | Engineering vehicles used on construction sites |
2. Key points in tax treatment of refueling expenses
1.VAT deduction: If an enterprise obtains a special VAT invoice for refueling expenses, it can deduct the input tax with the invoice. However, please note the following restrictions:
| vehicle type | Deduction ratio | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Vehicles for production and operation | 100% discount | Need to be directly related to production and operation |
| Employee commuter shuttle | No deduction allowed | belong to the nature of collective welfare |
| Cars for personal consumption | No deduction allowed | Input tax needs to be transferred out |
2.Corporate income tax deduction: Refueling expenses must comply with the principles of "authenticity, relevance, and rationality" before they can be deducted before tax. Enterprises should establish complete vehicle usage records, including:
- Driving log (record the date, reason, mileage, etc. of each trip)
- Refueling registration form (record the time, amount, fuel volume, etc. of each refueling)
- Expense reimbursement approval process
3. Recent hot topics: Accounting treatment of new energy vehicle charging costs
With the popularity of new energy vehicles, the accounting treatment of charging costs has become a hot topic recently. Similar to the cost of refueling a fuel vehicle, charging costs should also be included in the corresponding account according to the purpose of the vehicle. But please note:
| Charging scene | Accounting account | tax treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Public charging pile | Same as refueling charges | Special value-added tax invoices can be obtained |
| The company builds its own charging piles | Need to share electricity bill | Calculated based on actual usage |
| Employee home charging | Treated as a subsidy | Need to be incorporated into salary and salary tax calculation |
4. Practical suggestions
1.Establish a vehicle management system: Clarify the scope of vehicle use, approval process and fee standards to avoid mixing public and private use.
2.Improve voucher management: Keep complete original documents such as gas invoices and driving records for tax inspection.
3.Pay attention to policy changes: Recently, the Ministry of Finance and other departments are studying and improving the pre-tax deduction policy for transportation expenses, and enterprises should follow up in a timely manner.
4.Consider digital transformation: Use the vehicle management system or APP to record refueling data in real time to improve management efficiency.
5. Frequently Asked Questions
Q: If a company shareholder occasionally uses his or her private vehicle for public use, how should the gas fee be handled?
A: It is necessary to sign a vehicle rental agreement and obtain separate invoices for the rental and fuel costs before reimbursement can be made.
Q: Can prepaid card invoices issued by gas stations be deducted before tax?
A: Prepaid card invoices cannot be deducted directly and must be exchanged for official invoices after actual consumption.
Q: Which account will be included in the refueling expenses during the business trip?
A: It should be included in the "travel expenses" account, but it needs to be listed separately from tolls, parking fees, etc.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the accounting treatment of refueling costs needs to be judged based on specific business scenarios. Enterprises should establish a standardized financial management system to ensure that the accounting of such expenses conforms to both accounting standards and tax compliance requirements.
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